棋盐和胡椒米尔斯

在这方面，我会告诉你如何转动自己的木盐和辣椒磨，看起来像棋子。

After turning a few wooden bowls I was way too overconfident and decided to make these mills as my first project turning end grain. I ran into a few issues, but am really happy with the result. The first time I made the mills more than a year ago I took hardly any pictures because I didn't have any dust prove camera lenses. Now, thanks to my recent contest wins on Instructables I was able to get one (thank you guys!).

I remade the mills since I couldn't part with mine and I wanted to give them to my Dad who has been obsessed with the Queen's Gambit lately and chess all his life. So while I remade the mills I finally took enough pictures to write an instructable.

我上传了我设计的STL文件到下一步，如果您没有车床并希望3D打印碎片。

顺便说一句，现在我真的很想制作一个方格的砧板，但我还没有找到时间。

Before I started, I made a few design choices. Chess figures are supposed to have a wide base that allows them to stay stable. A small column that doesn't obscure the pieces behind it and a clear distinguishable feature to tell them apart.

我决定在1849年通过“John Jaques公司”的“John Jaques Company”向所谓的Staunton设计致敬，并受豪华斯图顿（1811年4月22日至1874年6月22日）推广他是他的时间最好的国际象棋球员之一。

我看到你可以购买看起来像国际象棋棋子在线的磨坊，但他们要么有一个宽阔的基础，外面使用的金属零件，或被涂漆。

我所做的首选是与通常在棋子上使用的基地一起使用。我尝试使用更广泛的，但它不起作用，因为他们很难瞄准食物。我的目标是这些工厂的目标是结合设计和功能，并且是一个不切实际的磨机不服务于目的。

The next choice I made was that I wanted to use only natural wood and no exterior metal parts, dyes, or paint. I also wanted to use a ceramic grinder mechanism, since there is no point in spending time turning them and then using a cheap mechanism.

通过这些参数，我进入了融合360并提出了您可以在这里看到的设计。

I uploaded three pdf files you can print should you want to replicate my design (the measurements are in millimeters). All the blue lines are required by the mechanism. Otherwise, you are free to choose any form you like.

Before starting, I 3D printed the head of the king, to make sure that the mill was comfortable to use. Luckily it was, so I was ready to begin.

材料

• 木材：我用过桦木和核桃;两件件需要约70毫米70 mm x 250 mm;尝试找到谷物尽可能直接的碎片
• Mechanism: CrushGrind (e.g. from amazon.com这里*，195毫米的人足够长）;我现在已经使用了相当几次机制，并可以强烈推荐它。
• 木油是食品安全的（+吹毛巾）
• 砂纸：我使用了320,400和600格
• 可选：滚珠轴承：61705 2RS1 25 mm x 32 mm x 4 mm **

工具

• Lathe
• 安全装置
• 您需要的类型的工具取决于您的偏好。如果您经历过，您可能主要使用歪斜凿子。您还可以使用硬质合金工具，但传统工具将为您提供卓越的完成。我用了：
  1. 粗糙的凿孔
  2. 主轴凿孔
  3. 歪斜凿子
  4. 分手工具
  5. 粉碎研磨工具（例如这里*); You can also glue the mechanism in place if you don't want to buy one or make your own
• 用于安装木材：
  1. Multi prong center
  2. Tailstock live center
  3. 4 jaw lathe chuck, with jaws to hold a 60 mm tenon; optional: jaws to fit into a 22 mm hole
• 钻头：22米，26毫米，38毫米，42毫米+钻夹（也有专用工具一次钻井，但除非您想节省一些时间，否则您不需要一个。）
• Caliper, pen, ruler
• Thin saw
• 金属锯和文件
• 金属管以推动机构。外径必须为约40毫米。
• 除非你相当强烈，否则你需要一个副
• If you would like to mill the indents into the headpiece of the queen as I have done then you will need an indexing setup (that can be divided by 12) for your lathe, as well as a possibility to mount a milling machine. I used a milling bit with R = 6 mm / A = 12 mm / B = 9,5 mm (check the image below for reference)

*联盟链接。我从合格购买中获得。非常感谢您的支持！

** As you can see in the title image, I used ball bearings the first time I made the mills. I was a suggestion in a German woodturning forum, but later somebody posted a picture of the gears that started to rust. Apparently, due to moisture and salt, this might happen. Luckily this hasn't happened to me, but I wanted to warn you. So the second time I made the mills, I didn't add bearings and they turn fine. It is your choice if you would like to make super smooth mills and are willing to risk them getting rusty, go with the bearings, otherwise don't.

当你做到这一点时，那么我会假设你觉得能够复制设计。我的目标是这种指示的目标不是教导伍德策划的基本面，而是向你展示我如何创建工厂。如果你有兴趣学习Woodturning，那么我很高兴地看着这些在入门前的视频。

Woodturning是危险的，我不希望你受伤，所以请确保你知道如何使用工具，并请采取所有必要的安全预防措施。

So let's get started. There are many different possibilities of how you can manage to make the parts. Here I am going to show you how I did it.

I started by mounting the wood between the centers and used the roughing gouge to turn it to a diameter of 64 mm. Afterward, I used the skew chisel to add a tenon to the side of the tailstock that matches my 60 mm chuck jaws. I had to do this because my drill bits and lathe weren't long enough to drill through the whole piece at once.

接下来，我用铅笔绘制线条，以标记我的设计的所有低点和高点。柱的底部必须面对尾座。

I suggest creating the column of the king and the queen at the same time. This way you will have to change the different mounting tools less often.

接下来，我使用歪斜凿子切割到低点和主轴凿孔以创建配置文件。使用CALIPERS看看是否需要进一步。如果您经历过，您可能会用凿子创建整个轮廓。

不要让脖子上方的木头太薄，我们需要在以后添加60毫米的榫头。

Just move along the profile. A parting tool works great to quickly get to the right diameter.

I didn't, but it is probably a good idea to sand your piece at this point.

Next, we are going to add a 60 mm tenon to the other side of your piece of wood. It is going to help us to hold the headpiece in place later on.

之后，我们将在颈部后面添加另一个榫头，并将柱子分开。榫头需要越多的空间，碎片脱落，谷物将越多。但由于头部的戒指略小于颈部上的戒指，因此它不会太明显。

Once you've finished creating the tenons you can part the column of your chess figure off.

Now we are going to use our four jaw chuck and place our column bottom first into it. Mount the drill chuck and a 26 mm drill bit into the tailstock.

就像我之前写过的那样，我的钻头不足以一直钻一下。所以我钻到了中途的一半。我只有一个25毫米的钻头，因此我不得不打开开口稍大。

确保慢慢慢，不断消除刨花，以防止钻取陷入困境。

一旦你钻到了大约中途的一点，你就可以转动一条碎片并一直钻孔。之后，使用歪斜凿子从底部移除榫头。

Now you can start drilling the bigger holes that are needed for the mechanism. Start with the 42 mm drill bit and drill to a depth of 19 mm. Afterward, use the 38 mm drill bit and drill to a total depth of 53 mm.

正如您在第一张照片中看到的那样，该机制需要凹陷才能正常工作。您可以切断小块塑料，并将机构粘合到位或切割凹口上的凹口。

我更喜欢切割它们并使用Robert Sorby使用一个特殊的工具来归档。该工具的肩部为研磨机的基部所需的凹槽提供精确的位置。您当然可以创建自己的工具。

在我完成洞之后，我打磨了这件作品。

In order to remount the column, you will need a jam chuck. You can either create it from another piece of wood you have lying around or use some of the extra wood, you will have from this project since 25 cm is a bit longer than what you need. Simply mount it into your chuck and turn it to a diameter of about 42 mm. Constantly test if your diameter is right by trying to fit the column of your mill onto it.

Place the column of your chess figure onto your jam chuck and finish the neck of your piece, as shown in the pictures. If you would like to add a gear, you will have to do it now.

别忘了打脖子，你和身体完成。

As I have written a few steps ago, the column of the king is exactly the same as the one of the queen (except of course the type of wood you are using.). So it is a good idea to create them at the same time. It doesn't really matter, if you don't follow my measurements precisely, but you should check and see whether your two figures match.

通常，皇后队采用冠心冠心排，冠圈（一个Monde），但我决定不创造小球，以便在组装后或在组装期间在使用期间冒险破坏它。

您可以看到我在第一张图像中使用的所有测量（以毫米为单位）。由于我们已经在几步前为我们的汽缸添加了一个榫头，因此您应该能够将其夹在4个下颌卡盘中。

首先在尾柄与歪斜凿子握住的侧面。

接下来，我们将转向配置文件，同样的方式完成了柱子（用歪斜凿子添加低点并将它们与主轴凿孔连接）。你可以完成冠心子的顶部，但你可以看到，因为我没有自想象在没有毁灭这件作品的情况下测试我的磨坊的设置。

一旦你开心，你可以沙子打破你已经完成的零件。

接下来，我们将钻孔。使用22 mm钻头并钻到36毫米的深度。在我们完成钻孔之后，您要么必须为机构切割一个凹口，或者将塑料标签切断并在以后粘合它。

我决定切断凹口，也可以用罗伯特·索比工具完成。工具上有一条线，可以告诉您陷波需要的位置。简单地将其直接放在刀具上，在正确的深度的洞中休息，并慢慢将其移动到外部。

Once you are done with the inside of the coronet, you can part it off. Make sure to leave enough space for the top of it.

Next, we are going to cut the indents into the coronet. I am using a very cheap construction that usesthis*滑动表，我可以放入我的工具休息基础。虽然它可能不是完美的精确，但它对我想做的一切都非常适合（告诉我你应该有兴趣查看更多图片）。

正如您所看到的，我使用了四个钳口夹头来握住冠心子。当我第一次尝试制作工厂但意外破裂这件作品时，我尝试使用木果酱查克，并不想再次冒险。

Before I could start, I had to make sure that everything is straight. To do so I am using a steel square with a stop. As you can see in the third image, I aligned the bit with the center of my wooden piece.

在一路碾磨之前，我做了一些测试并遇到了问题。木头显示出烧伤或切割不是很干净。所以我决定测试如果我直接进入这件作品而不是从一边碾磨到另一侧，而且我的惊喜更好地钻了什么（如你所能在第四张图片中看到）。

*联盟链接。我从合格购买中获得。非常感谢您的支持！

一旦我对我所做的测试感到满意，我就会碾碎了12个缩进。之后，我非常仔细完成转动表格。确保您的工具锐利以防止开裂。

Once you are happy with the form, don't forget to sand the piece.

You can see the measurements I used in the first image of this step (once again they are all in millimeters).

As for the coronet, use your four-jaw chuck to hold the piece in place. Once you are happy with the profile, you can drill the hole and cut the notch on the inside.

As you can see I also added the rough form of the cross. Once you are done sanding, you can part the piece off.

You can of course leave the cross as is, but I didn't want it to be round. Therefore I used my four-jaw chuck to hold it in place and a saw and a chisel to cut it to a form I liked.

一旦完成，别忘了沙子。

If you look closely at my pictures you can see that there were some sanding lines visible. Usually, when sanding a piece of wood, you would go with the grain to hide the sanding marks. Obviously, when you are sanding end grain pieces on a lathe, you will go against the grain.

而不是与fr切换后的粮食om one grid to another (which would be the correct way). I decided to just sand with the grain once at the end with a grid of 320. Don't go any finer than that in order to allow the oil to properly penetrate the wood.

完成砂磨后，清洁碎片，用压缩空气或毛巾清洁砂粉，并根据其指示涂抹油。在我的情况下，我使用了三层，在它们之间等待20分钟，然后给出24小时的油来硬化。

I used a special oil for light-colored woods on the queen because I didn't want it to go any darker.

在油硬化后，您可以添加该机制。为了使其适合，您必须稍微缩短它。

使用尺子并将线条标记在约120毫米的距离，如第一张图片所示。用金属锯略高于它，并使用金属文件添加斜面，如第三张图片所示。

现在我们终于准备好组装了工厂。我把毛巾放在我的四个下巴夹头上，以防止它刮起来并将一个洞切入其中，以便从机构杆上杆可以推动它。

正如您在第二张图片中看到的那样，我用金属管用我的车床将机构推到位。需要相当多的力量，我不够强大地用手做。

我使用副副来按压冠和冠状物的机制。

所有剩余的都是用盐或胡椒填充磨机，并将枪口和冠部推到柱上。

墨菲的法律通常是：“任何可能出错的东西会出错”当我第一次尝试制作工厂时，有很多事情出了问题。主要是因为，这是我第一次转动谷物并制作磨坊。

I decided to show you all the problems I faced so that we can learn from them.

第一张图片显示了我完全完成了女王的列之后我遇到的次要问题，并试图将其从果酱查克中取出。我没有把我的尾座放在远处，用我的作品击中现场中心，因为你可以看到左侧缩进。幸运的是，它靠近里面，以便在磨机组装后无法看到，但我仍然有点恼火。

第二张图片显示了我第一次尝试制作女王的冠军时发生了什么。我不使用jaws拿到适当的地方，而是用另一个果酱查克。当我把我的作品推到它上时，我听到了一个破裂的噪音，但没有想到它。在我完全完成并将机构推入它之后，这片裂开了。如果你仔细观察，你也可以看到另一个缺陷。较轻彩色碎片的木滴油将表现出不均匀的强烈。所以当我重塑这件作品时，我对打磨的造成了很大的关注，以获得更好的结束。

The third picture shows another issue I had the first time I tried drilling the hole. Instead of using a tenon at the bottom of the body as I have shown here, I tried using a jam chuck and an auger. I drilled way too fast, the part got loose and the auger completely destroyed the opening of the hole.

I hope you are not going to run into any issues and are going to enjoy making the mills.